Assertion (A): Sympathetic listening in upward communications often leads to resentment in communicator. Reason (R): Sympathetic listening and encouraging remarks often leads the communicator to believe that his proposal will receive action not contemplated by superior (communicate)  

Statement I: The operating personnel should not be associated with the preparation of the budget Statement II: A program indicates the principal operations to be carried out to accomplish a work. Statement III: Under MBO technique, the Managers should be provided with a freehand to laydown the objectives.  

Assertion (A): Corporate culture is generally considered as either closed and threatening or as open and participatory. Reason (R): Corporate culture and style of functioning of top managers is important factor for determining the internal environment of a company.  

Assertion (A): ‘Grapevine’ tends to be more active during periods of change, excitement, anxiety and sagging economic conditions. Reason (R): Employees use this communication to fill in important information  gaps and clarify management decisions  

(a) Self-explanatory             B. Elaborate              C. Distinctive                        D. Feasible  

(a) Each communication, going up or down, must flow through each position in the line of authority (b) Chain of communication cannot be broken under any circumstances.  

(a) He has satisfying approach in decision making rather than the maximising approach (b) He can make decision without determining all possible alternatives (c) He is completely rational in decision making