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Assertion (A): Sympathetic listening in upward communications often leads to resentment in communicator. Reason (R): Sympathetic listening and encouraging remarks often leads the communicator to believe that his proposal will receive action not contemplated by superior (communicate)  

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Assertion (A): Corporate culture is generally considered as either closed and threatening or as open and participatory. Reason (R): Corporate culture and style of functioning of top managers is important factor for determining the internal environment of a company.  

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Assertion (A): ‘Grapevine’ tends to be more active during periods of change, excitement, anxiety and sagging economic conditions. Reason (R): Employees use this communication to fill in important information  gaps and clarify management decisions